Abstract
An analysis of transvestism and transidentity in Le Roman de Silence and other literary texts from the 13th and 14th centuries, as well as the few examples of gender reassignment in medieval hagiography, suggests that in Christian anthropology, gender appears less as an attribute of sexual identity to which one is assigned at birth, than as a capacity for action and relationship. It is from this perspective that we propose to re-examine the case of Joan of Arc, who in the XV century was " neither saint nor transgender " (Clovis Maillet), but embodied, among other figures, the possibility - albeit a minority - for women to conduct themselves virilely on the battlefield. Between peacemaker and virago , the feminization of the warrior's role went hand in hand with the promotion of the notion of just war, from Matilda of Tuscany to the strong women of the Wars of Religion. So, before the standardization of military masculinity at the end of the modern era, we can think of the diversity of warrior virility.