Inventio subiecti. The invention of the modern subject (12)

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The supposition of the subject: what enables us to move from the perception of acts performed by x as speech acts to the perception of x as the subject-agent of these acts, and thus as a speaking, thinking and living subject like myself, is the ability to attribute to other beings a subjective certitude (certitudo de supposito), based on their supposed ability to perceive themselves as the supposes of their acts
Lecture summary
The question of man and the question of the subject: the question of man was not born with Kant, the "question of the subject" predates the ^16th century, and the two questions are inseparable
Back to Augustine: Heidegger's Augustinian "becoming a question of/for oneself"(das sich-zur-Frage-werden)
Foucault's two "paths": the question "What is man?" with Kant; the question of the self with Plato
The "way" of the archaeology of the subject
The question of the thinking subject was not born with Descartes. It can be articulated in a medieval quadrilateral in which four questions are composed, called or linked together: Who thinks? What is the subject of thought? What are we? What is man?
Lengthening the questionnaire: from the ^14th century to the Utrecht Quarrel.
The "question of the subject" in Hermeneutics of the Subject
Foucault's interpretation of the self: introduction of the "subject" instead of the "self" in Alcibiades
Foucault instills the schema of subjectivity in "Tu as à t'occuper de toi-même" and "le couplage heauton/psukhê "
"What is the subject we assume when we evoke the activity of speech that is Socrates' towards Alcibiades?"
For Foucault, Plato invents the "soul-subject
The soul as "subject of khrêsis
Plato's Hermeneutics of the Subject reads attributivism* and subjectivity
This is not the case in "The Return of Morality" (1984)
Philosophical archaeology and deconstruction
Deconstruction" according to Heidegger'sIntroduction to Phenomenological Research (1923/1924)
to "free Dasein from the conceptual excrescences it has configured to explain itself": "consciousness, person and subject", "by bringing them back to their original source"
Three Foucauldian obstacles to deconstruction: "the death of man", "the end of humanism", "the death of the subject"
Foucault's fundamental question, "the one he would like to ask", is the transformation that the subject must undergo upon himself in order to gain access to truth
Conversion and the condition of spirituality
Foucault's opposition between ancient philosophy as a way of life and scholasticism
Its sources, its limits
Announcement of 2015 study topic: will and action