Abstract
In response to anthropogenic climate change, species migrate towards the poles and summits, while communities are enriched with more thermophilic species or become poorer in cryophilic species (cf. community thermophilization process). In my lecture, I will illustrate these changes in plant species and communities, with a particular focus on forest ecosystems, where delays in species and community response are observed. I will also discuss the importance of microclimatic processes in forests in explaining what appear to be lag dynamics.