Amerikanizm took on a new face in the 1920s. Although a more violent critique of capitalism was fed by apocalyptic descriptions of the misery resulting from the 1929 crisis, the transfer of models continued in architecture, urban planning, and even in the food industry and mass culture.
The architect of the Palace of the Soviets, Boris Iofan, went to the United States to seek technical solutions for his unfeasible project, while professionals based in New York, such as Vyacheslav Oltarjevski, regularly reported on technical innovations.
At the same time, a new image of real America emerged in the stories of writers Ilia Ilf and Evgeny Petrov, who crossed the continent by automobile, while Eisenstein's traveling companion Grigory Alexandrov produced musicals inspired by Broadway.
Between 1945 and Stalin's death in 1954, hypocritical borrowing became the rule. The anti-Semitic campaign against the "cosmopolitans" led to the overt rejection of skyscrapers, but also to their latent copying, thanks to the experience of architects like Oltarjevski, who quickly returned from the Gulag to become the main adviser to their designers. In the construction sphere, American standards were used as a basis for standardizing housing and public building programs.
