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Abstract The Russo-Japanese War of 1904-5 was the first modern warfare of the twentieth century. Japan won the war against Russia which had the largest land army in the world at the time. In this lecture, we focus on the personal war diaries of Japanese …

Abstract Some soldiers are particularly well known to us, like General Yasim-El. But lesser officers, such as Yamṣum, also wrote enough letters to allow us to sketch a portrait. Finally, we'll see how ordinary soldiers escaped …

Lecture outline : Curry-Howard   ; gentzen's natural deduction   ; inductive definitions following Martin-Löf   ; algebraic presentation of type theory and term model as initial model   ; some examples of models, in particular the set model and prefix …

Drawing © Monika Jasnauskaite Virginijus Šikšnys is invited by the Collège de France assembly at the suggestion of Pr Edith Heard. Abstract Bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria) pose a lethal threat to bacteria. In response, bacteria evolved …

Abstract Sharp structures can occur as minimizers of very regular problems. This means symmetry can lead us badly astray and the resultant symmetry breaking may lead to highly counter-intuitive structures. I will illustrate in a discrete example and then …

Abstract The control of irrigation by a bureaucratic apparatus linked to religious and/or state power is at the heart of social theories that have marked the history of ideas over the last one hundred and fifty years. Although largely discredited, they …

Abstract Heroic war myths are an integral aspect of war in any cultural tradition. In modern warfare, the primary objective of heroic war myth is to arouse patriotic sentiment in order to mobilise the nation to fight an efficient and winning war. Modern …

Abstract In the performance of the nations most renowned for the quality of their primary and secondary mathematics training and for the excellence of their research, we observe the frequent practice of extracurricular investment in clubs and in training …

Abstract Divine and royal statuary is an integral part of the Egyptian temple. The temples we visit today may have kept their walls, and sometimes even their ceilings, but most of them are almost completely emptied of their rich furnishings, which …

Abstract It is not well known that Japan fought as one of the Allied powers in the First World War, as Japan was a naval alliance partner of Britain from 1902. At the Paris Peace Conference of 1919, Japan attended it as the fifth largest great power in …

Abstract We are not all equal when it comes to infections. Thanks to recent advances in genomics and data science, it is now possible to imagine a more precise medicine, better adapted to individual needs, also in the field of infectious diseases. From …

Abstract Types of regulatory landscapes. Analysis of chromatin architectures at the single-cell level using super-resolution microscopy. In this fifth   lesson, different types of topological organization of enhancers are described, in particular those …

Abstract This lecture will be devoted to the presentation of discoveries concerning the genetic causes of monogenic diseases, with emphasis on mutations responsible for serious pathologies. It will recall Mendelian principles of trait transmission, with …

Abstract What are the origins of war and peace  ? Our species, Homo sapiens , presents a remarkable paradox  : we are the only species capable of both lethal conflict and extensive peaceful cooperation between groups. While some species engage in …

Abstract This lecture will focus on one of the five global drivers of biodiversity loss, biological invasions. Through a variety of examples, we will explore definitions, concepts, patterns and trends. We will summarize the major global figures revealed …

Lecture outline: group unbundling operation; a paradigmatic example of the definition of non-set types, the Eilenberg-MacLane spaces; use of these types to define cohomology …