Entitled " Collective Psychology ", this chair at the Collège de France, which followed on from that of Marcel Mauss, was created for Maurice Halbwachs, for whom memory was a favorite subject. Through his work, he set out to show that individual memory is structured by social memory and is a cultural product. Appointed professor at the Collège de France onMay10 1944, he was never able to deliver his opening lecture or give his lectures there, as he was deported to Buchenwald a few months after his appointment to the Collège, where he died in March 1945.