History of Gâthâ studies: Johanna Narten recognizes that the Gâthâs, along with the Yasna Haptaŋhāiti in prose, form a whole that can be defined as the ancientAvesta (1986). Jean Kellens and Éric Pirart ratify this new fact, at the same time as they attempt, after Stanley Insler (1975), an in-depth study of the syntax (1988-1991).