Abstract
The automatic analysis of digital data has become a major industrial, societal and scientific challenge, and must cope with the diversification and exponential multiplication of this data. The Collège de France has decided to create a chair entirely devoted to data science, a fundamental field which not only disrupts entire sectors of our economies and societies, but also opens up vast scientific and technological prospects. Prof. Stéphane Mallat, who has devoted his research to mathematics applied to signal processing, and more recently to the study of learning algorithms and deep neural networks, has been appointed to this new chair.