The 1.23 % myth

The 2017-2018 lecture extends and completes the 2016-2017 lecture, which addressed the important question of the place of humans in the history of animal species and, in particular, their kinship with other primates. Although I have my reservations about animalist and even anti-speciesist conceptions, which consider the fight for animal rights to be in line with anti-racist and anti-sexist struggles, it goes without saying that, for any Darwinian, sapiens is the result of a never-ending, never-ending evolutionary process, and that we are closely related to apes, and in particular to the two species Pan troglodytes (chimpanzees) and Pan paniscus (bonobos), since these are two different, even very different, species.