Résumé
The exposome represents the set of exposures that can influence human health throughout life. It includes, according to Chris Wild, the external physical exposures, the psychological and social context and the regulations of the internal environment. This new concept actually encompasses all risk factors of non-genetic origin. The diet is one of the major vectors of the chemical exposome. Additional contributions followed that of Wild, specifying in a more concrete way what the exposome could correspond to. Price et al. have defined the functional exposome as corresponding to the biological impacts of the exposome. Thus bridges have been built between exposome and toxicology with the objective of 1) developing an integrated analysis of the various stresses (mixture of chemical substances, interaction diets and exposure to chemical substances, interaction between psychosocial stresses and chemical substances taking into account long-term and potentially multi-generational effects; 2) strengthen the study of the impact of environmental factors on epigenetic regulations and eventually develop epigenotoxicity tests; 3) introduce the exploration of the exposome in clinical medicine (dietary contamination, indoor air, work environment, endocrine disruptors, etc.).
