From microbes (and microbiota) to human migration

This lecture will address the issue of the " microbiota ", i.e. all the non-pathogenic bacteria, viruses, parasites and fungi present in various tissues or organs of the human body, such as the skin, mucous membranes or intestines. We'll see how these thousands of microorganisms are essential to our survival, since their imbalance can be linked to certain pathologies, in particular autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Finally, we'll see how studying the genetic diversity of microbes, as well as their geographical distribution, can help us better understand the history of humans and their migrations around the world.